Mastodon

Setting up a Masotdon server on Debian is somewhat annoying, due to the node- and ruby-based implementation. Most guides involve downloading and installing a large number of sources outside of APT. There's little need for such vulgarisms.

My running install uses the 3.2 branch of Mastodon atop Debian Unstable.

First, determine your domain name. You'll likely be serving Mastodon as a virtual host in your main nginx/apache config, so give it its own, distinct FQDN. It is not trivial to change your server's name later (it will, at a minimum, break existing federations), so choose wisely.

System work

• Via APT, install nodejs, redis-server, ruby-redis, rake, rbenv, ruby-bundler, postgresql-contrib, libpq-dev, libprotobuf-dev, protobuf-compiler, libidn11-dev, and yarnpkg ("yarn").
  • You will now have a PostgreSQL instance running on localhost:tcp/5432, if you didn't before.
  • You will now have a Redis instance running on localhost:tcp/6379, if you didn't before.
• Restrict Redis to 127.0.0.1 by ensuring the following line is in /etc/redis/redis.conf:
  • bind 127.0.0.1 ::1
  • If necessary, run sudo systemctl restart redis
• So far as I can tell, you must now symlink /usr/bin/yarnpkg to yarn in some PATH directory 🤮:
  • ln -s /usr/bin/yarnpkg /usr/local/bin/yarn
• Prep the database:
  • echo "CREATE USER mastodon CREATEDB;" | sudo -u postgres psql
• Create mastodon user (salt to taste):
  • sudo adduser --disabled-login --gecos "Mastodon service account" mastodon

User work

Remaining work will be done as the mastodon user, in its home directory.

• git clone https://github.com/tootsuite/mastodon.git ~/live
• cd live
• RAILS_ENV=production bundle config set --local deployment true
• RAILS_ENV=production bundle config set --local without development:test
• RAILS_ENV=production bundle install
• RAILS_ENV=production bundle exec rake mastodon:setup
  • Use the same PostgreSQL user name you created earlier.
  • So far as I can tell, use a blank password for PostgresQDL and Redis.
  • I do (n)ot upload files to the "cloud", whatever that even means
  • You are (n)ot running in a Docker (presumably)

Webserver work

Most guides assume you're running nginx. My directions assume Apache.

• Set up LetsEncrypt: certbot certonly --apache -d FQDN
• Prepare non-TLS upgrade config: try something like this
• Prepare TLS proxy config: try something like this
• sudo a2ensite mastodon-ssl
• sudo a2ensite mastodon
• sudo a2enmod proxy_http (if not already enabled)
• sudo systemctl restart apache2

Start it

• sudo cp ~mastodon/live/dist/*service /etc/systemd/system
• for in in web sidekiq streaming ; do sudo systemctl start mastodon-$i ; done
• Check the status of all three units with systemctl status and, if necessary, journalctl
  • You ought have a puma process listening on port 3000
  • You ought have a node process listening on port 4000
• If good, for in in web sidekiq streaming ; do sudo systemctl enable mastodon-$i ; done
  • The units are now persistent, and ought start at system boot

Full text search

If you're willing to run Java and a potentially-dodgy elasticsearch package (or build it from source), you can have full text search. Building from source is normally a pleasant endeavor, but who wants to fuck with gradle and all it implies?

• sudo apt-get install default-jre-headless
  • You might ask, "But dank, surely elasticsearch Depends on default-jre-headless?"
  • Narrator: It does not Depend on default-jre-headless.
• apt-key adv --fetch-keys https://artifacts.elastic.co/GPG-KEY-elasticsearch
• echo "deb https://artifacts.elastic.co/packages/7.x/apt stable main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/elastic-7.x.list
• sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install elasticsearch
• sudoedit /etc/elasticsearch/elasticsearch.yml and change network.host to 127.0.0.1
  • unless you love Romanian botnets all up in your shit
• systemctl start elasticsearch
  • You ought now have a java process listening on tcp/9200 shudder
• Add the following to .env.production:

ES_ENABLED=true
ES_HOST=localhost
ES_PORT=9200

• Restart mastodon-sidekiq and mastodon-web units
• RAILS_ENV=production bin/tootctl search deploy
• sudo systemctl enable elasticsearch for persistence