Check out my first novel, midnight's simulacra!
Ergot: Difference between revisions
From dankwiki
(Created page with "* '''Ergot''': fungi of the genus Claviceps. All Claviceps species are ergot. The most well-known member is Claviceps purpurea (Latin ''purpuro'', purple, "to adorn/beautify"), the rye ergot fungus, which is parasitic on grasses and cereals (especially rye). ** A Claviceps spore infects a flowering grass or cereal's floret. Upon connection to the vascular bundle, soft white sphacelia tissue develops. This hardens and dries into a sclerotium in the destroyed floret's husk...") |
No edit summary |
||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
Ergot is pronounced er-got, '''not''' er-go. Highly toxic, it ought not be consumed. Properly modified, it has many uses... | |||
* '''Ergot''': fungi of the genus Claviceps. All Claviceps species are ergot. The most well-known member is Claviceps purpurea (Latin ''purpuro'', purple, "to adorn/beautify"), the rye ergot fungus, which is parasitic on grasses and cereals (especially rye). | * '''Ergot''': fungi of the genus Claviceps. All Claviceps species are ergot. The most well-known member is Claviceps purpurea (Latin ''purpuro'', purple, "to adorn/beautify"), the rye ergot fungus, which is parasitic on grasses and cereals (especially rye). | ||
** A Claviceps spore infects a flowering grass or cereal's floret. Upon connection to the vascular bundle, soft white sphacelia tissue develops. This hardens and dries into a sclerotium in the destroyed floret's husk. | ** A Claviceps spore infects a flowering grass or cereal's floret. Upon connection to the vascular bundle, soft white sphacelia tissue develops. This hardens and dries into a sclerotium in the destroyed floret's husk. | ||
** Alkaloids and lipids accumulate in the sclerotium. | ** Alkaloids and lipids accumulate in the sclerotium. Dry, mature claviceps purpurea (and claviceps africana) sclerotium consist of about 2% ergot alkaloids by weight. | ||
* '''Alkaloid''': Basic (high-pH) naturally-occurring organic compounds containing nitrogen. The "true alkaloids" are biosynthesized from amino acids and contain nitrogen in a heterocycle (a cyclic structure containing more than one element). | * '''Alkaloid''': Basic (high-pH) naturally-occurring organic compounds containing nitrogen. The "true alkaloids" are biosynthesized from amino acids and contain nitrogen in a heterocycle (a cyclic structure containing more than one element). | ||
** '''Indole''': The aromatic heterocycle C<sub>8</sub>H<sub>7</sub>N. Bicyclic pair of benzene (C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>6</sub>) and pyrrole (C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>4</sub>NH) sharing an edge. A biosynthetic precursor to the indole alkaloids, including the amino acid tryptophan and 3-indolepropionic acid (IPA). | ** '''Indole''': The aromatic heterocycle C<sub>8</sub>H<sub>7</sub>N. Bicyclic pair of benzene (C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>6</sub>) and pyrrole (C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>4</sub>NH) sharing an edge. A biosynthetic precursor to the indole alkaloids, including the amino acid tryptophan and 3-indolepropionic acid (IPA). | ||
** '''Tryptophan''': An essential amino acid (one which cannot be biosynthesized in humans), and a precursor in humans of serotonin, melatonin, and vitamin B3. Clostridium sporogenes in the human gut metabolizes tryptophan into indole. | ** '''Tryptophan''': An essential amino acid (one which cannot be biosynthesized in humans), and a precursor in humans of serotonin, melatonin, and vitamin B3. Clostridium sporogenes in the human gut metabolizes tryptophan into indole. | ||
** '''Ergoline''': the structural skeleton shared by ergoline alkaloids. | ** '''Ergoline''': the structural skeleton shared by ergoline alkaloids. The tanning bed by JK Products is pronounced differently). | ||
==Ergoline path (the ergot alkaloids)== | ==Ergoline path (the ergot alkaloids)== | ||
| Line 17: | Line 19: | ||
* Paspalic acid -> | * Paspalic acid -> | ||
* Lysergic acid | * Lysergic acid | ||
Revision as of 03:59, 1 January 2023
Ergot is pronounced er-got, not er-go. Highly toxic, it ought not be consumed. Properly modified, it has many uses...
- Ergot: fungi of the genus Claviceps. All Claviceps species are ergot. The most well-known member is Claviceps purpurea (Latin purpuro, purple, "to adorn/beautify"), the rye ergot fungus, which is parasitic on grasses and cereals (especially rye).
- A Claviceps spore infects a flowering grass or cereal's floret. Upon connection to the vascular bundle, soft white sphacelia tissue develops. This hardens and dries into a sclerotium in the destroyed floret's husk.
- Alkaloids and lipids accumulate in the sclerotium. Dry, mature claviceps purpurea (and claviceps africana) sclerotium consist of about 2% ergot alkaloids by weight.
- Alkaloid: Basic (high-pH) naturally-occurring organic compounds containing nitrogen. The "true alkaloids" are biosynthesized from amino acids and contain nitrogen in a heterocycle (a cyclic structure containing more than one element).
- Indole: The aromatic heterocycle C8H7N. Bicyclic pair of benzene (C6H6) and pyrrole (C4H4NH) sharing an edge. A biosynthetic precursor to the indole alkaloids, including the amino acid tryptophan and 3-indolepropionic acid (IPA).
- Tryptophan: An essential amino acid (one which cannot be biosynthesized in humans), and a precursor in humans of serotonin, melatonin, and vitamin B3. Clostridium sporogenes in the human gut metabolizes tryptophan into indole.
- Ergoline: the structural skeleton shared by ergoline alkaloids. The tanning bed by JK Products is pronounced differently).
Ergoline path (the ergot alkaloids)
- L-Tryptophan -> (prenylation via DMAPP from mevalonic acid, catalyzed by DMATS)
- 4-L-DMAT -> (N-methylation via SAM, catalyzed by EasF)
- 4-DMA-L-abrine -> (decarboxylation+oxidation via EasC, catalyzed by EasE)
- Chanoclavine-I -> (oxidation via EasD)
- Chanoclavine-I-aldehyde (a D2 dopamine receptor stimulant) ->
- Agroclavine ->
- Emiloclavine ->
- Paspalic acid ->
- Lysergic acid
