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Ergot: Difference between revisions
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* 4-DMA-L-abrine -> (decarboxylation+oxidation via EasC, catalyzed by EasE) | * 4-DMA-L-abrine -> (decarboxylation+oxidation via EasC, catalyzed by EasE) | ||
* Chanoclavine-I -> (oxidation via EasD) | * Chanoclavine-I -> (oxidation via EasD) | ||
* Chanoclavine-I-aldehyde (a D<sub>2</sub> dopamine receptor stimulant) -> | * Chanoclavine-I-aldehyde (a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dopamine_receptor_D2 D<sub>2</sub> dopamine receptor] stimulant) -> | ||
* Agroclavine -> | * Agroclavine -> | ||
* Emiloclavine -> | * Emiloclavine -> | ||
* Paspalic acid -> | * Paspalic acid -> | ||
* Lysergic acid | * Lysergic acid | ||
Revision as of 00:53, 3 January 2023
Ergot is pronounced er-got, not er-go. Highly toxic, it ought not be consumed. Properly modified, it has many uses...
- Ergot: fungi of the genus Claviceps. All Claviceps species are ergot. The most well-known member is Claviceps purpurea (Latin purpuro, purple, "to adorn/beautify"), the rye ergot fungus, which is parasitic on grasses and cereals (especially rye).
- A Claviceps spore infects a flowering grass or cereal's floret. Upon connection to the vascular bundle, soft white sphacelia tissue develops. This hardens and dries into a sclerotium in the destroyed floret's husk.
- Alkaloids and lipids accumulate in the sclerotium. Dry, mature claviceps purpurea (and claviceps africana) sclerotium consist of about 2% ergot alkaloids by weight.
- Alkaloid: Basic (high-pH) naturally-occurring organic compounds containing nitrogen. The "true alkaloids" are biosynthesized from amino acids and contain nitrogen in a heterocycle (a cyclic structure containing more than one element).
- Indole: The aromatic heterocycle C8H7N. Bicyclic pair of benzene (C6H6) and pyrrole (C4H4NH) sharing an edge. A biosynthetic precursor to the indole alkaloids, including the amino acid tryptophan and 3-indolepropionic acid (IPA).
- Tryptophan: An essential amino acid (one which cannot be biosynthesized in humans), and a precursor in humans of serotonin, melatonin, and vitamin B3. Clostridium sporogenes in the human gut metabolizes tryptophan into indole.
- Ergoline: the structural skeleton shared by ergoline alkaloids. Also a tanning bed by JK Products (pronounced differently).
Ergoline path (the ergot alkaloids)
- L-Tryptophan C11H12N2O2 -> (prenylation via DMAPP from mevalonic acid, catalyzed by DMATS)
- DMAT(S): dimethylallyltryptophan (synthetase)
- 4-L-DMAT -> (N-methylation via SAM, catalyzed by EasF)
- 4-DMA-L-abrine -> (decarboxylation+oxidation via EasC, catalyzed by EasE)
- Chanoclavine-I -> (oxidation via EasD)
- Chanoclavine-I-aldehyde (a D2 dopamine receptor stimulant) ->
- Agroclavine ->
- Emiloclavine ->
- Paspalic acid ->
- Lysergic acid
