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Microarchitectures

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Microarchitecture is defined as those elements of a CPU design which are, to first order, invisible to application programmers (ie, not part of the instruction set). Those elements which are visible comprise the architecture.

x86 μarchitectures

Microarchitecture Maker Process (min) ALU bits Addr bits New instructions Notes
8086 Intel 3.2 μm 16 20 x86-16 Segmented memory

Optional 80-bit 8087 FP coprocessor

80186 Intel 2.6 μm 16 20 8086-2 (ENTER/LEAVE, PUSHA/POPA, INS/OUTS) Designed for embedded systems (clock, PIC, DMA on-die)