Documentation Conventions

This section defines the typographical convention used throughout this book.

PCI Express™

PCI Express™ is a trademark of the PCI SIG. This book takes the liberty of abbreviating PCI Express as "PCI-XP" primarily in illustration where limited space is an issue.

Hexadecimal Notation

All hex numbers are followed by a lower case "h." For example:

89F2BD02h

0111h

Binary Notation

All binary numbers are followed by a lower case "b." For example:

1000 1001 1111 0010b

01b

Decimal Notation

Number without any suffix are decimal. When required for clarity, decimal numbers are followed by a lower case "d." Examples:

9

15

512d

Bits Versus Bytes Notation

This book represents bit with lower case "b" and bytes with an upper case "B." For example:

Megabits/second = Mb/s

Megabytes/second = MB/s

Bit Fields

Groups bits are represented with the high-order bits first followed by the low-order bits and enclosed by brackets. For example:

[7:0] = bits 0 through 7

Active Signal States

Signals that are active low are followed by #, as in PERST# and WAKE#. Active high signals have no suffix, such as POWERGOOD.