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[[File:SDRs.jpg|right|thumb|A few of Your Humble Wikist's toys]]
[[File:SDRs.jpg|right|thumb|A few of Your Humble Wikist's toys]]
On the more ballin' end of things, a tricked-out [https://www.pervices.com/shop/ Per Vices Cyan] will run you $290k before shipping.
On the more ballin' end of things, a tricked-out [https://www.pervices.com/cyan/ Per Vices Cyan] will run you $290k before shipping.


Almost every SDR fundamentally works by receiving electromagnetic energy via metal antennae, running that through an amplifier ("analog gain", done to place the signal in the next stage's sweet spot), and sampling the result using an [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analog-to-digital_converter ADC]. The latter will have a <i>resolution</i> in bits, and a <i>sampling rate</i> measured in samples per second (or Hz). These samples pass through a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_down_converter digital down converter] circuit, a low-pass filter, and finally decimation, emerging as a (complex) baseband frequency range, and streaming out as I/Q (in-phase and quadrature) pairs.
Almost every SDR fundamentally works by receiving electromagnetic energy via metal antennae, running that through an amplifier ("analog gain", done to place the signal in the next stage's sweet spot), and sampling the result using an [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analog-to-digital_converter ADC]. The latter will have a <i>resolution</i> in bits, and a <i>sampling rate</i> measured in samples per second (or Hz). These samples pass through a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_down_converter digital down converter] circuit, a low-pass filter, and finally decimation, emerging as a (complex) baseband frequency range, and streaming out as I/Q (in-phase and quadrature) pairs.
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==Hardware==
==Hardware==
SDRs are available both as standalone units and attachments for a PC, where PC functionality will generally be required for processing and display. I will generally be discussing only the latter. For a nice example of a self-contained solution, see  the [https://www.crowdsupply.com/lime-micro/limenet-micro LimeSDR Micro] rather than connecting via USB, it comes with a mated [[Raspberry Pi|Raspberry Pi 3]].
SDRs are available both as standalone units and attachments for a PC, where PC functionality will generally be required for processing and display. I will generally be discussing only the latter.


===Hosted SDRs===
===Hosted SDRs===
The following SDRs all require an attached computer; they are not standalone devices. I have personal experience with those in green.
The following SDRs all require an attached computer; they are not standalone devices. I have personal experience with those in green.
{|class="wikitable"
{|class="wikitable sortable"
|-
|-
! Device !! Tuner !! BW (MHz) || Samples (M) || ADC || Tune (MHz) || Xmit? || FPGA? || Bus || MSRP
! Device !! Tuner !! BW (MHz) || Samples (M) || ADC || Tune (MHz) || Xmit? || FPGA? || Bus || VendID || ProdID || MSRP
|- style="background-color: palegreen"
|- style="background-color: palegreen"
| RTL-SDRv3 || R820TR2 || 2.4 sustained<br/>3.2 peak || || 8 || 25–1750 || No || No || USB2A || $20
| RTL-SDRv3 || R820TR2 || 2.4 sustained<br/>3.2 peak || || 8 || 25–1750 || No || No || USB2A || 0bda || 2838 || $20
|- style="background-color: palegreen"
|- style="background-color: palegreen"
| NooElec NESDR<br/>SMArt || R820TR2 || 2.4 sustained<br/>3.2 peak||0.225–0.3<br/>0.9–2.56 || 8 || 25–1750 || No || No || USB2A || $20
| NooElec NESDR<br/>SMArt || R820TR2 || 2.4 sustained<br/>3.2 peak||0.225–0.3<br/>0.9–2.56 || 8 || 25–1750 || No || No || USB2A || 0bda || 2838 || $20
|-
|-
| NooElec NESDR<br/>SMArt XTR || E4000 || 2.4 || || 8 || 65–1100<br/>1200–2300 || No || No || USB2A || $35
| [https://github.com/signalens/signalsdrpro/ Signalens SignalSDR Pro] || AD9361 || 56 || 61.44 || 12 || 70–6000 || 2 || Zynq 7020 || USB3, GigE || || || $899
|-
|-
| SDRPlay RSP2 || || 10 || || 12 || DC–2000 || No || No || USB2B || $170
| NooElec NESDR<br/>SMArt XTR || E4000 || 2.4 || || 8 || 65–1100<br/>1200–2300 || No || No || USB2A || 0bda || 2832 || $35
|-
|-
| SDRPlay RSP1A || MSI001 || 6 || || 14 || DC–2000 || No || No || USB2B || $100
| [https://www.sdrplay.com/rspdxR2/ RSPdx-R2] || MSi001 || 10 || 10.66 || 14 || 1–2000 || No || No || USB2B || ||
|-
|-
| SDRPlay RSPDuo || || 2x10 || 2–10.66 ||14 || DC–2000 || No || No || USB2B || $280
| [https://www.sdrplay.com/rsp2/ SDRPlay RSP2] ||  || 10 || 10.66 || 12 || DC–2000 || No || No || USB2B || || || $170
|-
| SDRPlay RSP1A || MSi001 || 6 || || 14 || DC–2000 || No || No || USB2B || || || $100
|-
| SDRPlay RSPDuo || || 2x10 || 2–10.66 ||14 || DC–2000 || No || No || USB2B || || || $280
|- style="background-color: palegreen"
| HackRF One ||RFFC5072 || 20 || 2–20 || 8 || 1–6000 || Half || No || USB2Aµ  || || || $300
|- style="background-color: palegreen"
|- style="background-color: palegreen"
| HackRF One ||RFFC5072 || 20 || 2–20 || 8 || 1–6000 || Half || No || USB2Aµ  || $300
| LimeSDR || LMS7002M || 61.44 || 2.5–61.44 || 12 || 30–3800 || 2x || Cyclone IV || USB3 || 1d50 || 6108 || $300
|-
| LimeSDR Mini || LMS7002M || 30.72 || 30.72 || 12 || 10–3500 || 1x || Altera MAX 10 || USB3A || 0403 || 601f || $159
|-
|-
| LimeSDR || LMS7002M || 61.44 || 2.5–61.44 || 12 || 30–3800 || 2x || Cyclone IV || USB3 || $300
| LimeSDR Micro || LMS7002M || 10 || 10 || 12 || 10–3500 || 1x || Altera MAX 10 || GigE || || || $300
|- style="background-color: palegreen"
| AirSpy R2 || R820TR2 || 10 || 2.5–10 || 12 || 24–1800 || No || No || USB2Aµ || || || $170
|-
|-
| LimeSDR Mini || LMS7002M || 30.72 || 30.72 || 12 || 10–3500 || 1x || Altera MAX 10 || USB3A || $159
| AirSpy Mini || R820TR2 || 12 || 6 || 12 || 24–1750 || No || No || USB2Aµ || || || $100
|-
|-
| LimeSDR Micro || LMS7002M || 10 || 10 || 12 || 10–3500 || 1x || Altera MAX 10 || GigE || $300
| AirSpy HF+ || || 0.768 || || 16 || DC–31<br/>60–260 || No || No || USB2Aµ || || || $150
|- style="background-color: palegreen"
|- style="background-color: palegreen"
| AirSpy R2 || R820TR2 || 10 || 2.5–10 || 12 || 24–1800 || No || No || USB2Aµ || $170
| [[BladeRF|bladeRF 2.0µ xA4]] || AD9361 || 56 || 61.44 || 12 || 47–6000 || 2x || Cyclone V || USB3B || 2cf0 || 5250 || $480
|-
| [[BladeRF|bladeRF x40]] || LMS6002D || 28 || 40 || 12 || 300–3800 || 1x || Cyclone IV || USB3B || 2cf0 || 5246 || $420
|-
| Ettus B210 USRP || AD9361 || 56 || 61.44 || 12 || 70–6000 || 2x || Spartan 6<br/>XC6SLX150 || USB3B || || || $1100
|-
|-
| AirSpy Mini || R820TR2 || 12 || 6 || 12 || 24–1750 || No || No || USB2Aµ || $100
| Ettus B200 USRP || AD9361 || 56 || 61.44 || 12 || 70–6000 || 1x || Spartan 6<br/>XC6SLX75 || USB3B || || || $675
|-
|-
| AirSpy HF+ || || 0.768 || || 16 || DC–31<br/>60–260 || No || No || USB2Aµ || $150
| NI Ettus X410 USRP || || 400 || || || 1–8000 || 4x || Xilinx Zynq Ultrascale+<br/> RFSOC ZU28DR || 2x100GbE || || || $25000
|- style="background-color: palegreen"
| [[BladeRF|bladeRF 2.0µ xA4]] || AD9361 || 56 || 61.44 || 12 || 47–6000 || 2x || Cyclone V || USB3B || $480
|-
|-
| [[BladeRF|bladeRF x40]] || LMS6002D || 28 || 40 || 12 || 300–3800 || 1x || Cyclone IV || USB3B || $420
| Per Vices Noctar || || 250 || 125 || 12 / 16 || DC–4000 || 1x || Cyclone IV<br/>EP4CGX22C || 4xPCIe || || || $2500
|-
|-
| Ettus B210 USRP || AD9361 || 56 || 61.44 || 12 || 70–6000 || 2x || Spartan 6<br/>XC6SLX150 || USB3B || $1100
| Mirics MSi3101 || MSi001 || 5 || || 12 || 64–240<br/>470–960 || No || No || || || || $85
|-
|-
| Ettus B200 USRP || AD9361 || 56 || 61.44 || 12 || 70–6000 || 1x || Spartan 6<br/>XC6SLX75 || USB3B || $675
| FunCube Dongle Pro+ || || 0.192 || ||16 || 150–260<br/>410–2050 || No || No || USB2A || 04D8 || FB31 || $200
|-
|-
| Per Vices Noctar || || 250 || 125 || 12 / 16 || DC–4000 || 1x || Cyclone IV<br/>EP4CGX22C || 4xPCIe || $2500
| PlutoSDR || AD9363 || 20 || 61.44 || 12 || 325–3800 || 1x || Z-7010 || USB2Aµ || 0456 || B673 || $150
|-
|-
| Mirics MSi3101 || MSi001 || 5 || || 12 || 64–240<br/>470–960 || No || No || || $85
| SignalHound BB60C || || 27 || 0.3125–40 || 14 || DC–6000 || No || || USB3Bµ || 2817 || 0002 || $2900
|-
|-
| FunCube Dongle Pro+ || || 0.192 || ||16 || 150–260<br/>410–2050 || No || No || USB2A || $200
| XTRX CS || LMS7002M || 120 || 0.2–80 || 12 || 30–3800 || 2x || Artix7 35T || 2xmPCIe|| || || $299
|-
|-
| PlutoSDR || AD9363 || 20 || 61.44 || 12 || 325–3800 || 1x || Z-7010 || USB2Aµ || $150
| XTRX Pro || LMS7002M || 120 || 0.2–80 || 12 || 30–3800 || 2x || Artix7 50T || 2xmPCIe|| || || $599
|-
|-
| SignalHound BB60C || || 27 || 0.3125–40 || 14 || DC–6000 || No || || USB3Bµ || $2900
| OsmoSDR || E4000 || 58.8 || 4.2 || 14 || 52–2200 || No || Lattice FXP2 || USB2A || || || Never sold
|-
|-
| XTRX CS || LMS7002M || 120 || 0.2–80 || 12 || 30–3800 || 2x || Artix7 35T || 2xmPCIe|| $299
| ColibriNANO || custom? || 3 || 122.88 || 14 || DC–55 || No || Altera MAX 10 || USB3A || || || $270
|-
|-
| XTRX Pro || LMS7002M || 120 || 0.2–80 || 12 || 30–3800 || 2x || Artix7 50T || 2xmPCIe|| $599
| [https://www.crowdsupply.com/cariboulabs/cariboulite-rpi-hat CaribouLite] || RFFC5072 || 2.5 || 4 || 13 || 30–6000 || 2x Half || ICE40LP1K || [[Raspberry_Pi|RPi Hat]] || || || $138
|-
|-
| OsmoSDR || E4000 || 58.8 || 4.2 || 14 || 52–2200 || No || Lattice FXP2 || USB2A || Never sold
| [https://www.crowdsupply.com/microphase-technology/antsdr-e200 AntSDR E200] || AD9393  || 20 || 61.44 || 12 || 325–3800 || 2x Full || Zynq 7020 || GigE || || || $300
|-
|-
| ColibriNANO || custom? || 3 || 122.88 || 14 || DC–55 || No || Altera MAX 10 || USB3A || $270
| [https://www.crowdsupply.com/microphase-technology/antsdr-e200 AntSDR E200] || AD9391  || 56 || 61.44 || 12 || 70–6000 || 2x Full || Zynq 7020 || GigE || || || $500
|-
|-
|}
|}
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* Analog Devices: [https://www.analog.com/media/en/technical-documentation/data-sheets/AD9361.pdf AD9361] datasheet, [https://www.analog.com/media/en/technical-documentation/data-sheets/AD9363.pdf AD9363] datasheet, [https://www.analog.com/media/en/technical-documentation/data-sheets/AD9364.pdf AD9364] datasheet
* Analog Devices: [https://www.analog.com/media/en/technical-documentation/data-sheets/AD9361.pdf AD9361] datasheet, [https://www.analog.com/media/en/technical-documentation/data-sheets/AD9363.pdf AD9363] datasheet, [https://www.analog.com/media/en/technical-documentation/data-sheets/AD9364.pdf AD9364] datasheet
** AD9361, AD9363, AD9364 on the [https://wiki.analog.com/resources/eval/user-guides/ad-fmcomms2-ebz/ad9361 Analog Devices wiki]
** AD9361, AD9363, AD9364 on the [https://wiki.analog.com/resources/eval/user-guides/ad-fmcomms2-ebz/ad9361 Analog Devices wiki]
* Lime Microsystems: [https://limemicro.com/technology/lms7002m/ LMS7002M]


===Antennae===
===Antennae===
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