Programming Language Theory: Difference between revisions

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====Fixed-Point Combinators====
====Fixed-Point Combinators====
For a function F, its set of ''fixed points'' are those inputs which map to themselves. Provided algebraic functions, for instance, fixed points of a function F(x) would be found by setting <i>F(x) = x</i> and solving for the roots. Provided an ordered, finite domain, looping through the domain will find all solutions. For an infinite ordered domain, looping is a semi-decision: if there is a least fixed point, it will be found, but the loop never terminates otherwise. The ''fixed-point combinators'' compute the fixed points of their functional inputs. Curry's ''Y-combinator'' was the first:
For a function F, its set of ''fixed points'' are those inputs which map to themselves. Provided algebraic functions, for instance, fixed points of a function F(x) would be found by setting <i>F(x) = x</i> and solving for the roots. Provided an ordered, finite domain, looping through the domain will find all solutions. For an infinite ordered domain, looping is a semi-decision: if there is a least fixed point, it will be found, but the loop never terminates otherwise. The ''fixed-point combinators'' compute fixed points of their functional inputs. Curry's ''Y-combinator'' was the first (it always computes the least fixed point):
* <tt>Y ≡ λf. (λx. f (x x)) (λx. f (x x))</tt> (untyped λ-calculus)
* <tt>Y ≡ λf. (λx. f (x x)) (λx. f (x x))</tt> (untyped λ-calculus)
* <tt>Y ≡ S (K (S I I)) (S (S (K S) K) (K (S I I)))</tt> (SKI calculus)
* <tt>Y ≡ S (K (S I I)) (S (S (K S) K) (K (S I I)))</tt> (SKI calculus)
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==Concurrency==
==Concurrency==
* '''FIXME''' π-calculus, CSS, CSP, petri nets...
* '''FIXME''' π-calculus, CSS, CSP, petri nets...
==Typing==


==Objects==
==Objects==